Timber Frame vs Steel Frame
So you’ve just started the design process on your home or extension, and of course you want to get it just right. Especially if you’re intending for this to be your forever home. A big question to consider is; should you build with timber frame or steel frame?
Like many things in a design and build project this is definitely a personal preference. Although there is no definitive answer on which is the better material to use, we thought it would be good to compare the pros and cons of each. Hopefully this will give you a clearer idea of what is the better option for your individual project. In this article we will review a few advantages and disadvantages of both materials in some important areas, such as:
Cost
Sustainability
Durability and Longevity
Speed of Construction
Cost
Comparing the cost of steel and timber is difficult as there are often a lot of variables that can impact on the overall cost. Factors like the supplier and contractor used or whether it will be pre-fabricated or built from scratch can all have an impact on the price. That being said, as a general rule timber is more readily available and a steel frame is often more labour intensive. In the long-run it would be most likely that the overall costs may be higher for steel than a timber frame.
Sustainability
Sustainability is a really important factor for many people when starting out on a project, so what are the pros and cons of each material?
Although some might argue that steel is a sustainable product because it is fully recyclable and can be used and reused it must be mentioned that steel is a highly energy intensive material to create. This means that building with steel creates a very high carbon footprint. But does that conclusively mean timber is the more eco-friendly material? Not necessarily. With more timber frame construction being used this obviously increases deforestation, putting pressure on natural environments to make room for plantations. However, on the other hand some might argue that the need for timber increases the need for more forests and helps lower CO2 levels in the air, leading to cleaner air and a better environment. It is also important to remember that the timber used for this kind of construction would be a treated softwood. Softwoods are generally quicker to regrow than hardwood trees with a quicker cycle for reproduction, roughly between 30 and 40 years.
Durability and Longevity
It’s important to bear in mind that both materials are strong and durable, with a potential to last for many years.
Unquestionably, steel is a very strong and durable material. There can also be a protection from ants and termites that could destroy a timber structure. However, depending where you live, you must bear in mind that harsh weather and salty air can cause steel to rust and corrode. This is an important factor to consider if you live in a coastal area. On the other hand, timber will need good maintenance and protection against termites and other insects. But don’t be put off too quickly, if the timber construction is good it can last for hundreds of years.
Speed of Construction
A timber frame can be a very popular option in construction because it is much quicker to assemble than a standard brick and mortar house. Once the foundations are laid and the kit is delivered to site, a timber frame could go up and be watertight in a matter of weeks. It’s good to note, however, that a steel frame home is assembled in a similar way to timber frame. Really the process of putting up a steel frame could have similar time frames. Problems can arise though, as more tools and labour are needed to attach each element together. This could mean that sometimes the process becomes more drawn out.
As we stated at the outset, there is really no definitive way to decide which is the better material to use, this will be up to each individual! However, if you feel like you want to discuss both options in a bit more depth, our team are always happy to discuss it further. Just give us a call!